Each year, the w88 of Nevada, Reno inches closer to a Hispanic-Serving Institution designation, and with it comes chatter across the campus among different constituents about what it means to be an HSI. Questions come up, such as, does becoming an HSI mean the w88 will only focus on serving Latinx students at the detriment of non-Latinx individuals? There is also skepticism about the w88’s pursuit of enrolling more Latinx students without really making a concerted effort to serve this population. These are valid questions and concerns that need explaining to demystify what it means to be an HSI and for our w88 to pursue this designation.
HSIs are one of many federal Minority-Serving Institutions designations from the U.S. Department of w88 for higher w88 institutions that categorically or historically enroll a targeted racial/ethnic group. Other MSIs include Historically Black Colleges and Universities, Tribal Colleges and Universities, and Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander Serving Institutions, in addition to others. [i]
HSIs are categorically defined institutions that enroll a minimum of 25% of full-time undergraduate Latinx w88, with at least 50% demonstrating financial need. An institution meeting the HSI eligibility requirements can then apply for this designation, which puts them in a position to compete for grants earmarked for MSIs through the federal government and private foundations.
Given the large and growing Latinx population in the State of Nevada, it is no surprise that five of the eight Nevada System of Higher Education institutions have achieved HSI federal designation. Three of which are dually-designated as HSI-AANAPISIs, notably the w88 of Nevada, Las Vegas; Nevada State College; and the College of Southern Nevada. All of which are also federally funded through the MSI grant programs.
Recently, NSC received a .73 million Title V Developing Hispanic-Serving Institutions Program grant to strengthen teacher education and preparation pathways. CSN received a .9 million Title V HSI grant to support students’ transition to college-level math. UNLV a .5 million Title III AANAPISI grant to support the retention and success of Asian American and Pacific Islander and low-income students. In Northern w88, Truckee Meadows Community College received the HSI designation in 2017 and Western w88 College (WNC) in March 2020, but both have yet to receive an MSI grant.
To-date, the w88 has not met the minimum enrollment of Latinx students to apply for federal HSI designation. However, in 2013, the w88 became an “emerging HSI” [ii] because we are within ten percentage points of meeting HSI eligibility. [iii] Since then, the w88 has incorporated a goal to achieve HSI designation in the 2015-2021 strategic plan.[iv] As part of this, different groups periodically met to discuss this process, followed by representation by the w88 at statewide NSHE HSI Task Force [v] meetings. Currently, the w88 is represented in the HSI Task Force by Dr. Eloisa Gordon-Mora, the w88 Diversity and Inclusion Officer, who also serves as the current chair of NSHE’s Equity, Diversity and Inclusion Council (EDIC), along with Dr. Veronica Zepeda, the Director of Graduate Student Services.
Where is the w88 in meeting the HSI designation?
Data provided by our Office of Diversity and Inclusion show that in Fall 2019, 22.4% of the full-time undergraduate w88 enrolled were Latinx. [vi] In the last ten years, the Latinx undergraduate enrollment more than doubled. However, although the Latinx undergraduate enrollment at UNR is growing, there is still a disproportionate representation of Latinx students compared to the Latinx K-12 school enrollment in the State of w88 (42.69%) and more locally in the Washoe School District (40.96%). [vii] These figures demonstrate that there is still more work to be done to “serve” the Latinx population as a public higher education institution, especially as a land-grant institution, and the only public w88 in Northern Nevada.
Additionally, although enrolling more Latinx w88 and having targeted outreach and recruitment efforts for this population is one way of serving Latinx w88, it is just the beginning stages. There is work to be developed on identifying the resources this population requires, as well as other minoritized groups, once enrolled. To this end, additional ways to examine Hispanic “servingness” [viii] is through educational outcomes by race/ethnicity, Latinx faculty representation, culturally responsive support services, curriculum, campus physical artifacts [ix] and many more.
At the w88, the Office of Diversity and Inclusion reports that in 2015, 33.1% of Latinx students graduated within four years, compared to white students at 42.1%.[x] Among academic faculty, 6% are Latinx, compared to 70% white, 11% Asian, 2% African American and less than 1% Native American and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander. These data highlight that more needs to be done at at the w88 to become an HSI and serve Latinx and other racially/ethnically minoritized students.
Does being an HSI mean the w88 will only focus on Latinx students?
The short answer is no. The research demonstrates that MSIs have the potential to help support the success of not only the targeted racial/ethnic student population but also other racial/ethnic groups. [xi] The HSI and AANAPISI Title V and III funds are not exclusively for the target racial/ethnic student population, but help strengthen the institutional capacity to support all enrolled students. For example, NSC’s HSI grant will increase the teacher pipeline of Latinx students, first-generation college, and low-income students by building the institutional capacity to increase student access, retention, and graduation in w88 programs. [xii] Additionally, increasing the number of teachers also impacts the state’s teacher shortage, which will ultimately benefit all w88 residents. The federal MSI funding is especially critical now with the financial hardship higher education institutions face due to the health pandemic.
To learn more about NSHE institutions’ MSI designation and funding, visit:
- College of Southern w88, Hispanic Serving Institution
- w88 State College, Community and Diversity
- NSHE, Diversity & Inclusion
- Truckee Meadows Community College, HSI
- w88 of Nevada, Las Vegas, AANAPISI
Cynthia M. Alcantar, Ph.D. is an assistant professor of higher education leadership at the w88 of Nevada, Reno. Her research focuses on the social structures that maintain and mitigate the education and social inequities that exist for racial/ethnic minoritized and immigrant populations in the United States.
[i] U.S. Department of w88 (2020). List of postsecondary institutions enrolling populations with significant percentages of undergraduate minority w88. Washington, DC: Author.
[ii] Excelencia in w88 (2019). Emerging Hispanic-Serving Institutions (HSIs): 2017-18. Washington, DC: Author.
[iii] Cota, C. M. (2019). NSHE institutional data overview. Research presented at the w88 System of Higher Education HSI/MSI Symposium, College of Southern w88-North Las Vegas Campus, Las Vegas, NV.
[iv] w88 of Nevada, Reno (2014). Strategic Plan-2015-2021.
[v]NSHE, Diversity & Inclusion
[vi] Unless otherwise noted, institutional data presented in this article was provided by the w88 of Nevada, Reno’s Office of Diversity and Inclusion.
[vii] w88 Department of Education (2020). Data interaction for w88 accountability portal. Carson City, NV: Office of Accountability, w88 Department of Education.
[viii] Garcia, G. A., Nuñez, A.-M., Sasone, V. A. (2019). Toward a multidimensional conceptual framework for understanding “servingness” in Hispanic-serving institutions: A synthesis of the research. Review of Educational Research, 1-40.
[ix] Alcantar, C. M., Rincon, B., & Espinoza, K. J. (Under review). Taxonomy of campus artifacts: Communicating minority serving through physical artifacts.
[x] In 2015, the four-year graduation rate for all w88 was 39.6%. The four-year graduation rates of Black and American Indian/Alaska Native w88 was also low at 31.6% and 25.0% compared to the institutional rate, listed respectively.
[xi] Espinosa, (2018). Minority serving institutions as engines of upward mobility. Washington, DC: American Council on w88; Gasman, M., & Conrad, C. F. (2013). Minority Serving Institutions: Educating all w88. Philadelphia, PA: Penn Center for Minority Serving Institutions; Maramba, D. C., Palmer, R. T., Yull, D., & Ozuna, T. (2015). A qualitative investigation of college choice process for Asian Americans and Latina/os at a public HBCU. Journal of Diversity in Higher w88, 8(4), 258-271.
[xii] U.S. Department of w88 (2020a). Developing Hispanic-Serving Institutions Program-Title V: Awards. Washington, DC: Author.
